Euro area unemployment at 6.5% (2024)

Euro indicators 3 May 2024 Next release: 30 May 2024

March 2024

Skip to the content

EU at 6.0%

Overview

In March 2024, the euro area seasonally-adjusted unemployment rate was 6.5%, stable compared with February 2024 and down from 6.6% in March 2023. The EU unemployment rate was 6.0% in March 2024, down from 6.1% in February 2024 and stable compared with March 2023. These figures are published by Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union.

Eurostat estimates that 13.258 million persons in the EU, of whom 11.087 million in the euro area, were unemployed in March 2024.

  • Compared with February 2024, unemployment decreased by 74 thousand in the EU and by 94 thousand in the euro area.

  • Compared with March 2023, unemployment increased by 175 thousand in the EU and decreased by 51 thousand in the euro area.

Euro area unemployment at 6.5% (1)

Youth unemployment

In March 2024, 2.858 million young persons (under 25) were unemployed in the EU, of whom 2.259 million were in the euro area. In March 2024, the youth unemployment rate was 14.6% in the EU, down from 14.7% in February 2024, and 14.1% in the euro area, down from 14.4% in the previous month.

  • Compared with February 2024, youth unemployment decreased by 11thousand in the EU and by 30 thousand in the euro area.

  • Compared with March 2023, youth unemployment increased by 150 thousand in the EU and by 36 thousand in the
    euro area.

Euro area unemployment at 6.5% (2)

Unemployment by sex

In March 2024, the unemployment rate for women was 6.4% in the EU, stable compared with February 2024, and the unemployment rate for men was 5.7%, down from 5.8% in the previous month. In the euro area, the unemployment rate for women was 7.0%, stable compared with February 2024, and the unemployment rate for men was 6.0%, down from 6.1% in the previous month.

Additional labour market indicators

The estimates in this News Release are based on the globally used International Labour Organisation (ILO) standard definition of unemployment, which counts as unemployed people without a job who have been actively seeking work in the last four weeks and are available to start work within the next two weeks.

To capture in full the labour market situation, the data on unemployment have been complemented by additional indicators, e.g. underemployed part-time workers, persons seeking work but not immediately available and persons available to work but not seeking, released together with LFS data for the fourth quarter of 2023.

LFS data for the first quarter of 2024 will be released on 14 June 2024.

Tables

Seasonally adjusted unemployment, totals

Rates (%)

Number of persons (in thousands)

2023

2024

2023

2024

Mar

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Mar

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Euro area

6.6

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

11 138

11 138

11 159

11 181

11 087

EU

6.0

6.1

6.1

6.1

6.0

13 083

13 288

13 338

13 332

13 258

Belgium

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.5

299

298

297

297

298

Bulgaria

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.4

4.4

129

131

133

134

134

Czechia

2.6

2.8

3.0

2.7

2.9

140

143

154

138

151

Denmark

4.6

6.3

6.6

6.7

6.8

147

203

216

221

224

Germany

2.9

3.1

3.2

3.2

3.2

1 295

1 392

1 404

1 414

1 421

Estonia

5.7

7.0

7.5

7.7

7.8

42

52

56

57

59

Ireland

4.1

4.5

4.6

4.2

4.3

113

127

130

120

122

Greece

11.4

10.4

10.5

10.8

10.2

540

495

502

517

493

Spain

12.6

11.9

11.9

11.8

11.7

3 010

2 873

2 880

2 867

2 854

France

7.1

7.5

7.5

7.4

7.3

2 195

2 336

2 323

2 299

2 278

Croatia

6.2

6.1

6.0

5.9

5.9

105

104

102

101

100

Italy

7.9

7.3

7.3

7.4

7.2

2 003

1 862

1 863

1 908

1 855

Cyprus

6.3

6.2

6.5

6.4

6.0

31

30

32

32

30

Latvia

6.0

7.0

6.9

6.9

6.8

57

66

65

65

64

Lithuania

6.9

7.0

7.7

7.4

7.3

105

109

118

116

112

Luxembourg

4.9

5.5

5.6

5.6

5.6

16

19

19

19

19

Hungary

3.8

4.2

4.3

4.3

4.3

189

208

212

216

214

Malta

3.4

2.9

3.1

3.2

3.2

10

9

10

10

10

Netherlands

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.7

3.6

357

361

368

379

371

Austria

4.6

5.4

4.9

4.7

4.9

214

253

232

222

232

Poland

2.7

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.9

479

536

523

516

515

Portugal

6.8

6.5

6.5

6.6

6.5

361

347

350

352

347

Romania

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.6

5.3

454

459

472

466

441

Slovenia

3.7

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.1

37

35

34

33

32

Slovakia

6.0

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.4

165

155

154

152

151

Finland

6.9

7.6

7.7

7.8

7.8

196

217

219

222

223

Sweden

7.4

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.3

420

466

470

473

476

Iceland

3.3

3.8

4.5

3.6

:

7

8

10

8

:

Norway

3.5

3.8

3.8

3.9

3.9

104

113

115

116

117

Switzerland

4.1

4.1

:

:

:

205

208

:

:

:

United States

3.5

3.7

3.7

3.9

3.8

5 846

6 339

6 202

6 556

6 432

: Data not available

Source datasets: une_rt_m (rates) and une_rt_m (in 1 000 persons)

Euro area unemployment at 6.5% (3)

Seasonally adjusted youth (under 25s) unemployment

Rates (%)

Number of persons (in thousands)

2023

2024

2023

2024

Mar

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Mar

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Euro area

14.1

14.5

14.4

14.4

14.1

2 223

2 316

2 298

2 289

2 259

EU

14.0

14.9

14.8

14.7

14.6

2 708

2 906

2 888

2 869

2 858

Belgium

15.1

17.2

16.7

16.7

16.7

64

73

72

72

72

Bulgaria

9.7

14.2

15.4

16.0

16.0

13

16

18

19

19

Czechia

10.3

8.4

8.1

8.0

6.8

29

23

24

22

18

Denmark

9.1

14.0

13.2

15.3

15.8

42

69

63

77

82

Germany

5.7

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

265

263

264

263

263

Estonia

11.6

17.7

17.4

16.2

16.2

6

10

10

9

9

Ireland

10.0

11.3

11.7

10.5

10.5

35

43

45

40

40

Greece

24.8

25.3

22.2

23.8

21.1

63

70

53

59

52

Spain

29.4

28.7

28.2

27.7

27.2

486

493

488

482

480

France

16.7

17.3

17.2

17.1

16.9

552

587

588

588

583

Croatia

18.8

18.5

18.0

18.0

18.0

23

22

21

21

21

Italy

23.1

21.6

21.7

22.4

20.1

356

336

328

334

299

Cyprus

15.7

18.1

20.7

20.7

20.7

7

7

9

9

9

Latvia

11.3

14.7

13.7

13.3

12.7

7

9

9

8

8

Lithuania

12.6

16.2

16.6

16.6

16.1

12

16

17

17

17

Luxembourg

17.3

19.8

19.9

19.9

19.2

4

5

5

5

5

Hungary

10.4

14.1

14.5

15.2

15.7

33

44

45

47

49

Malta

10.6

8.5

9.4

9.4

9.0

3

2

3

3

3

Netherlands

8.0

8.1

8.2

8.7

8.7

143

148

149

158

158

Austria

8.9

11.3

10.0

9.6

10.4

47

60

52

49

55

Poland

10.9

12.2

12.0

11.8

11.7

124

145

143

142

140

Portugal

19.5

23.0

23.5

22.4

22.3

74

89

92

86

85

Romania

22.0

22.1

:

:

:

105

106

:

:

:

Slovenia

7.0

10.6

9.7

9.7

9.7

5

8

7

7

7

Slovakia

18.8

19.3

19.1

18.8

18.9

27

27

26

26

26

Finland

15.7

17.5

17.7

18.0

18.2

51

56

57

58

58

Sweden

21.3

23.4

23.7

24.0

24.2

146

158

161

163

165

Iceland

4.6

9.8

8.7

7.7

:

1

3

3

2

:

Norway

13.0

11.2

12.4

10.6

11.0

57

46

54

45

47

Switzerland

8.4

8.1

:

:

:

50

49

:

:

:

: Data not available

Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus, Romania and Slovenia: quarterly data

Source datasets: une_rt_m (rates) and une_rt_m (in 1 000 persons)

Euro area unemployment at 6.5% (4)

Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates (%), by gender

Males

Females

2023

2024

2023

2024

Mar

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Mar

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Euro area

6.2

6.2

6.2

6.1

6.0

6.9

6.9

6.9

7.0

7.0

EU

5.7

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.7

6.3

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.4

Belgium

6.2

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

4.9

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.4

Bulgaria

4.2

4.4

4.4

4.5

4.5

4.1

4.3

4.3

4.3

4.3

Czechia

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.2

2.4

3.0

3.2

3.6

3.2

3.6

Denmark

4.5

6.1

6.7

6.8

6.8

4.8

6.6

6.6

6.5

6.7

Germany

3.1

3.3

3.3

3.3

3.3

2.7

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.1

Estonia

5.9

6.7

7.3

7.6

7.9

5.6

7.3

7.8

7.7

7.7

Ireland

4.3

4.3

4.3

3.9

4.0

3.8

4.8

4.8

4.6

4.6

Greece

8.7

8.1

7.9

8.2

7.2

14.6

13.3

13.6

13.9

13.8

Spain

10.9

10.5

10.6

10.6

10.5

14.5

13.4

13.3

13.2

13.1

France

7.4

7.7

7.5

7.4

7.3

6.9

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.4

Croatia

5.6

5.5

5.4

5.3

5.2

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.7

6.6

Italy

7.1

6.4

6.4

6.4

6.1

9.0

8.4

8.5

8.8

8.8

Cyprus

5.9

6.4

6.8

6.7

6.3

6.6

6.0

6.2

6.0

5.6

Latvia

6.9

7.9

7.9

7.9

7.6

5.1

6.1

5.9

5.9

6.0

Lithuania

7.0

7.5

8.7

8.4

8.3

6.8

6.4

6.7

6.3

6.3

Luxembourg

4.8

5.4

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.0

5.7

5.6

5.7

5.6

Hungary

3.8

4.2

4.3

4.3

4.4

3.9

4.3

4.2

4.4

4.2

Malta

3.7

2.9

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.0

2.9

3.2

3.1

3.2

Netherlands

3.3

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.5

3.9

3.6

3.8

3.9

3.8

Austria

5.0

5.5

5.3

5.1

5.0

4.1

5.2

4.5

4.3

4.9

Poland

2.7

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

3.2

3.0

3.0

2.9

Portugal

6.5

6.3

6.0

5.9

5.5

7.1

6.8

7.1

7.2

7.4

Romania

5.9

6.3

6.3

6.0

5.7

5.0

4.7

5.0

5.2

4.9

Slovenia

3.7

3.2

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

Slovakia

5.9

5.4

5.4

5.3

5.3

6.0

5.7

5.7

5.6

5.6

Finland

7.4

8.3

8.5

8.6

8.7

6.4

6.8

6.9

6.9

7.0

Sweden

7.3

8.0

8.2

8.3

8.4

7.5

8.3

8.3

8.3

8.2

Iceland

4.7

3.2

5.6

4.3

:

1.6

4.5

3.2

2.8

:

Norway

3.6

3.8

4.6

3.6

4.1

3.7

3.4

4.1

3.3

3.7

Switzerland

3.9

3.9

:

:

:

4.3

4.3

:

:

:

: Data not available

Source dataset: une_rt_m

Euro area unemployment at 6.5% (5)

Notes for users

Revisions and timetable

The data in this News Release can be subject to revisions, caused by updates to the seasonally adjusted series whenever new monthly data are added; the inclusion of the most recent LFS data in the calculation process; update of seasonal adjustment models with complete annual data.

Compared with the rates published in News Release of 3 April 2024, the February 2024 unemployment rate for the EU has been revised from 6.0% to 6.1%, while the unemployment rate for the euro area remained unchanged. Among EU Member States, the rate has been revised by more than 0.1 percentage points (pp) upwards for Spain (by 0.3 pp) as well as for Finland and Sweden (by 0.2 pp each). The rate has been revised by more than 0.1 percentage points (pp) downwards for Greece (by 0.2 pp).

Country notes

Germany, the Netherlands, Finland, Sweden as well as Iceland and Norway: the trend component is used instead of the more volatile seasonally adjusted data.

Estonia and Portugal: 3-month moving averages of LFS data are used instead of pure monthly indicators.

Methods and definitions

Eurostat publishes harmonised unemployment rates for individual EU Member States, the euro area and the EU. These unemployment rates are based on the definition recommended by the International Labour Organisation (ILO). The measurement is based on a harmonised data source, the European Union Labour Force Survey (LFS).

Based on the ILO definition, Eurostat defines unemployed persons as persons aged 15 to 74 who:

  • are without work;

  • are available to start work within the next two weeks;

  • and have actively sought employment at some time during the previous four weeks.

The unemployment rate is the number of people unemployed as a percentage of the labour force.

The labour force is the total number of people employed plus unemployed. In this news release unemployment rates are based on employment and unemployment data covering persons aged 15 to 74.

The youth unemployment rate is the number of people aged 15 to 24 unemployed as a percentage of the labour force of the same age. Therefore, the youth unemployment rate should not be interpreted as the share of jobless people in the overall youth population.

When data for the most recent month are not available for a Member State, EU and EA aggregates are calculated using the latest data available for that Member State.

Geographical information

Euro area (EA20): Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland.

European Union (EU27): Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden.

For more information

  • Eurostat website section on employment and unemployment

  • Eurostat database section on unemployment, including non-seasonally adjusted and trend data

  • Statistics Explained articles on unemployment

  • Eurostat metadata on adjusted unemployment series

  • Euro indicators dashboard

  • Release calendar for Euro indicators

  • European Statistics Code of Practice

Get in touch

Media requests

Eurostat Media Support

Phone: (+352) 4301 33 408

E-mail: eurostat-mediasupport@ec.europa.eu

Further information on data

Thibaut HENRION

Phone: (+352) 4301 31 686

Nevena CHOLAKOVA

Phone: (+352) 4301 35 304

E-mail: estat-monthly-unemployment@ec.europa.eu

Share component will be rendered here.

'; /** Retrieve the order from the tooltip option */ var sortOrder = option.tooltip.order; /** Sort the 'params' array based on the 'sortOrder' parameter. */ switch (sortOrder) { /** Sort by series name in ascending order. */ case 'seriesAsc': params = params.sort((a, b) => a.seriesName.localeCompare(b.seriesName)); break; /** Sort by series name in descending order. */ case 'seriesDesc': params = params.sort((a, b) => b.seriesName.localeCompare(a.seriesName)); break; /** Sort by numerical value in ascending order. */ case 'valueAsc': params = params.sort((a, b) => parseFloat(a.value) - parseFloat(b.value)); break; /** Sort by numerical value in descending order. */ case 'valueDesc': params = params.sort((a, b) => parseFloat(b.value) - parseFloat(a.value)); break; /** Reverse the current order. */ case 'reverse': params.reverse(); break; default: break; } /** Iterate over each series in the tooltip parameters */ for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) { /** Retrieve the name and value of the current series */ var seriesName = params[i].seriesName; var value = params[i].value; /** Replace every specific apostrphe by simple one. */ seriesName = seriesName.replaceAll("’", "'"); /** Convert the numeric value to its string representation. */ var strValue = String(value); /** Retrieve the axis used as value */ var axis = option.yAxis.type === 'value' ? option.yAxis : option.xAxis; /** Initialize the number of decimal places */ var decimals = option.tooltip.decimals; /** Check if decimals configuration is set to default and the value contains decimal places */ if (!decimals && strValue.indexOf('.') > -1) { /** Calculate the number of decimal places */ decimals = strValue.substring(strValue.indexOf('.'), strValue.length - 1).length; } else { /** If there are no decimal places, format the value with 1 decimal place */ decimals = decimals ? decimals : 1; /** Convert the value to a fixed-point notation string with a specified number of decimal places. */ value = Number(value).toFixed(decimals); } /** Convert -0 value to 0 with the specified or calculated number of decimal places.*/ if (Number(value) == -0) { value = (Number(value) + 0).toFixed(decimals); } /** Extract the unit from within the axis label */ var unit = axis.axisLabel.unit ? axis.axisLabel.unit : ''; /** Format the value using the appropriate number of decimal places */ value = isNaN(value) ? 'N/A' : Number(value).toLocaleString(option.lang ? option.lang : 'en', { minimumFractionDigits: decimals }) + unit; /** Retrieve the color of the current series */ const color = params[i].color; /** * Add the series name and value to the tooltip content * Use a circle icon with the series color */ tooltipContent += '

' + '' + '' + '' + seriesName + '' + '' + '' + value + '' + '

'; } /** Close the tooltip content container */ tooltipContent += '

'; /** Return the formatted tooltip content */ return tooltipContent; }}/* * This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at * https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document * * File: sortable-table.js * * Desc: Adds sorting to a HTML data table that implements ARIA Authoring Practices */'use strict';class SortableTable { constructor(tableNode) { this.tableNode = tableNode; this.columnHeaders = tableNode.querySelectorAll('thead th.sortable'); this.sortColumns = []; for (var i = 0; i < this.columnHeaders.length; i++) { var ch = this.columnHeaders[i]; var buttonNode = ch.querySelector('button'); if (buttonNode) { this.sortColumns.push(i); // buttonNode.setAttribute('data-column-index', i); // buttonNode.addEventListener('click', this.handleClick.bind(this)); ch.setAttribute('data-column-index', i); ch.addEventListener('click', this.handleClick.bind(this)); } } this.optionCheckbox = document.querySelector( 'input[type="checkbox"][value="show-unsorted-icon"]' ); if (this.optionCheckbox) { this.optionCheckbox.addEventListener( 'change', this.handleOptionChange.bind(this) ); if (this.optionCheckbox.checked) { this.tableNode.classList.add('show-unsorted-icon'); } } } setColumnHeaderSort(columnIndex) { if (typeof columnIndex === 'string') { columnIndex = parseInt(columnIndex); } for (var i = 0; i < this.columnHeaders.length; i++) { var ch = this.columnHeaders[i]; var buttonNode = ch.querySelector('button'); if (i === columnIndex) { var value = ch.getAttribute('aria-sort'); if (value === 'ascending') { ch.setAttribute('aria-sort', 'descending'); this.sortColumn( columnIndex, 'descending', ch.classList.contains('num')); } else if (value === 'descending') { ch.removeAttribute('aria-sort'); this.sortColumn( columnIndex, 'initial', true ); } else { ch.setAttribute('aria-sort', 'ascending'); this.sortColumn( columnIndex, 'ascending', ch.classList.contains('num') ); } } else { if (ch.hasAttribute('aria-sort') && buttonNode) { ch.removeAttribute('aria-sort'); } } } } sortColumn(columnIndex, sortValue, isNumber) { function compareValues(a, b) { if (a.value === b.value) return 0; if (sortValue === 'descending') { return isNumber ? b.value - a.value : (a.value > b.value ? -1 : 1); } else { return isNumber ? a.value - b.value : (a.value < b.value ? -1 : 1); } } if (typeof isNumber !== 'boolean') { isNumber = false; } var tbodyNode = this.tableNode.querySelector('tbody'); var rowNodes = []; var dataCells = []; var rowNode = tbodyNode.firstElementChild; var index = 0; while (rowNode) { rowNodes.push(rowNode); var rowCells = rowNode.querySelectorAll('th, td'); var dataCell = rowCells[columnIndex]; var data = {}; data.index = index; if (sortValue !== 'initial') { data.value = dataCell.textContent.toLowerCase().trim(); } else { data.value = rowNode.getAttribute('initial-position').toLowerCase().trim(); } if (isNumber) { data.value = parseFloat(data.value); } dataCells.push(data); rowNode = rowNode.nextElementSibling; index += 1; } dataCells.sort(compareValues); // remove rows while (tbodyNode.firstChild) { tbodyNode.removeChild(tbodyNode.lastChild); } // add sorted rows for (var i = 0; i < dataCells.length; i += 1) { let pos = [dataCells[i].index]; if (sortValue === "initial") { rowNodes[pos].classList.remove("sorted"); } else { rowNodes[pos].classList.add("sorted"); } tbodyNode.appendChild(rowNodes[pos]); } } /* EVENT HANDLERS */ handleClick(event) { var tgt = event.currentTarget; this.setColumnHeaderSort(tgt.getAttribute('data-column-index')); } handleOptionChange(event) { var tgt = event.currentTarget; if (tgt.checked) { this.tableNode.classList.add('show-unsorted-icon'); } else { this.tableNode.classList.remove('show-unsorted-icon'); } }}$(document).ready(function() { load(); });;}());

Subscribe to receive the latest Eurostat Euro indicators releases

Subscribe
Euro area unemployment at 6.5% (2024)
Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Rev. Leonie Wyman

Last Updated:

Views: 6011

Rating: 4.9 / 5 (79 voted)

Reviews: 86% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Rev. Leonie Wyman

Birthday: 1993-07-01

Address: Suite 763 6272 Lang Bypass, New Xochitlport, VT 72704-3308

Phone: +22014484519944

Job: Banking Officer

Hobby: Sailing, Gaming, Basketball, Calligraphy, Mycology, Astronomy, Juggling

Introduction: My name is Rev. Leonie Wyman, I am a colorful, tasty, splendid, fair, witty, gorgeous, splendid person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.